Carburetor for internal-combustion engines



06523, 1930- w. H. MANNERS ET AL 1,779,886

CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Oct. 12, 1928 PatentedOct. 28, 1930 i I UNITED STATES WILLIAM YHASLAM MANNERS AND CECILWHES'IHEAD SPENCER, or xnuesnsnonr;

v rRANsvaAL, SOUTH ArRIo CARBVURETORFOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES IApplication and October 12, 1928, Serial No." 312,140, and inthe Unionof South Africa-tune 2,1928.

This invention relates to carburetor's for internal-combustionengines. VThe ob 'ectv of the invention is to design the carburetor so as toobtain a more economical use or consumption of the petrol or otherliquid fuel (hereinafter referred to as petrol) and consequenthigherlefficiency in the. e11- gine or motor. i o I To the attainment ofthis object theinvention includes means for more efiectively comminutingor atomizing the petrol; means for controlling the supply of the petrolto said comminuting or atomizing means;

means for controlling the volume time 15 which is admitted for mixingwith the comminuted or atomized petrol; and means for controlling thepassageof the explosive mixture of air and atomized petrol to the engineor motor. r 1

' According to the invention the means for comminuting or atomiz'ing thepetrol comprises or includes a part or member constructed to provide afine or narrow slot or slit of such a width that the petrol by itspassage therethrough under normal pressureor conditionswill becomminuted or atomized to a very high degree. 7

The means for controlling the supply ofi the petrol to the slot or slitmay bedesigned so as to admit of any desired portion of'the length ofsaid slot or slit being closed or'out 0a, and so that the remainingportion only functions to control the supply of the petrol. The part ormember forming the slot, or slit for the passage of the petrol may be oftubular form,'having-a flat piece or surface in which the slot or slitsuitably formed. As it is essential that thisslot or slit should beexceedingly fine or narrow, we have found that possibly the simplest wayof makin'gthe slotor slit in the flat piece .or surface is by forming acut or slit in the piece for a suitable portion of its length, thenbending the portion of the piece at one side'of the cut or slit awayfrom the other side, in such a way that either or both edges formed bythe w cut or slit can be filedto the requisite extent to leave or makethe slot or slit of therequisite width, after which'the bent portion isbent back .to its normal position. i"

The means forcontrolling the'supply of petrol passing to and through theslot or slit may include a cylindrical member or valve which fits thetube andisconstructed with a bevelled or tapered portion forminga knifeedge or edges which, when the valve is r0 tated, are adapted toco-operatelwith the slot or slit in order to close or out 01f any de-',sired portion of the length of'theslot or slit. This valve isconstructed to form al passage. for the petrol leading through it toa'pointv in the bevelled surfaceor face." The tube and the cylindricalmember or valve are housed in or carriedvby a casting or-part formingthe carburetor casing, vides the passage leading from the air controlvalve to the valve which controls the passage of the explosivemixture to the en-- gine. ;.o o The valve "for controllingtheadmissionof air and the valve for controllingthe, ad-

mission of the explosive mixture to the engine are preferably bothin'the form of hollow cylindrical or sleeve valves. 1;

j The valve controlling thesupply of petrol to the comminuting oratomi'zing device, the valve forpontrolling the supply of air, and thevalve for controlling thesupplyor. passage of the. explosive,mixturetothe engine are preferably adapted to be actuated by a singlecontrol or operating means. 7

;The 'valvecontrolling the supply of petrol and the valvecontrollingthe' supply ofair are. constructed and set, forthe normaloperation of theengine or motor, so that the proportion of air to petrolremains fixed or constant, for all positions'of the valves, whilethe'valve which controls the passage of the explosive mixture to theengine is opened proportionatelyto the openingzof theother valvesQ- Thisensures that the proportion of petrol to air is constant for all speedsoffthe engine, but that the speedofthe 'engine is increasedby'increasingthe volume or quantity of the mixture Whichpasses thereto;

Means is provided for indeperidentlylactutan thevalve controlling thepetrolsupply to obtain an enriched mixture, 'orto allow. of

an increa'se'in the quantitypf petrol relative which pro- 3 Fig. 2 is asectional plan, the plane ofsec tion being indicated by the dotted line2- 2 in Fig. 1. p H l Fig. 3 is an elevation of the completecarburettir-drawn to a reduced scale.

I Fig. 4; is an elevation of the member providing the slot or slit foratomizing' the petrol.

5 is a sectional plan on the dotted line 5"' 5, Fig. 1, and

Fig. Bis two views at right angles of the petrol controlling valve. I

In Figs. '1, 2 and 3 of the drawings the ridineral 1 denotes a castingwhich forms the casing or housing for the several valves hereinafterdescribed. The casing 1 includes the two'hollow cylindrical parts 2, 3,and the intermediate rectangular "connecting portion 4. 5 is thefloat-feed chamber which is constructed with an arm or projection 6, theouter end of which is fashioned with a conical recess 7 to fit a taperedprojection 8 formed on the part 4' er the casing 11- The arm'6 isretained in positien on the'tapered projection 8 by a screw pltig 9. Thepetrol from the float-feed chamber 5 passes into the space providedbythebottom' of the recess 7 below the inner end of'th'e pr'oje'etion'e.The plug 9 is provided witha passagell through whichthe "petrol can passfrom the space 10 to the innerend of the plug 9.

' 12 is the-tubularpart or member which is housedin the part '4: of thecasing 1 and is "constructed at the one end with a flange'or shoulder 13which fits against the inner end at the screw-threaded hole in thetapered projection 8. The "tubularpart 12 is held in position by meansof the screw plug'14 which is tapered at its inner end and screwed intoengagement with the flanged end or the tubula'r part 12. The screw plug14 is provided with a hole 15 which forms a passage for the etr'olfromthe inner end of the plug 9 into the'lower end'of the tubular part12. The upper portion 16 of the tubular part 12'is tapered slightly-seealso Fig. 4-and fits a correspondingly tapered hole formed in anexteri'orly screw-threaded boss 17 on thepart -4: of-the casing 1; 18 isthe piece in which the fine or narrow slot or slit 19 is formed.

As shown the piecev 18 is in the form of a iifat rat plate fixed in anopening in the side of the tubular part. 12. The slotor slit 19 is shownprovided in the lower-portion of the plate 18, and may be formed thereinin the manner ereinbeforeexplained, or in any othersuitable andpreferred'manner.

20 (see also Fig. 6) is the cylindrical member or valve which regulatesor controls the quantity of petrol which passes through the slot or slit19 into the part 4 of the casing 1. This valve 20 is positioned in thetubular part'1'2 and is fashioned at its innerend with a bevelled ortapered portion 21, the edges of-which are adapted to co-operate withthe slot or slit-1 9 in order-to-closeoigcut OfiQany desired portion atthe length of'theslot or slit 19 to vary or regulate the quantity ofpetrol passing throughjsaid slot or slit 19. The edges of the valve 20,by working in contact with the inner surfaceotlthefiplate '18, removeany adhering foreign matter from the plate 18 and prevent choking orclosing of the slot or slit 19 thereby. The lower innerend of thevalve20 is shown of cylindrical shape so that itserve's as'a guide for thevalve below 7 of the tubular part 12, the stem of the'valve extendingupwardly beyond the flange 23.

In the hollow cylindrical part 2 of the cas v ing'l'is arranged the'airinlet valve which, as shown, is in the form of. a rotary hollowcylindrical or sleeve valve constructed witha portor passage 26 which isadapted to control the passage of air from the part2 to the part i ofthecasing '1. 27 is a cap screwed on to thelower end of the part 2,which serves for retaining the; sleeve valve 25 in position. The valve25'is constructed at its lower end with a stem 28 for rotating it.

"In the hollow" cylindrical portion 3 of the casing l is arranged thevalve'29 "which controls the 'passage'of the explosive mixture to theengine. 'Thisvalve 29 is also in the form of a rotary hollow cylindricalor sleeve valve,

providedwith a port or' passage 30 which respectively," which levers atone end are constructed in the'form ofa' clevis or clamp for clampingthem to their'respective valve stems after the valveshave-been set' inthe requisite positions to ensurethecorrect proportions ofair topetrol,and volunie of'ex'plosive mirrthe nut 43 is rotated and the valve 20lifted.

ture which passes tothe engine. Split pins 36, 37, are shown passingthrough the stems 28, 31, respectively, below the clamping ends of thelevers 34, 35. The several levers 33, 34, 35 are operated simultaneouslyby means connected say to the outer end 39 of the lever 35. The meansfor connecting the levers 33,

34, 35, is shown including a yoke piece 38,

normal actuating means through the lever.

33, is shown including a nut 43 which has screw-threaded engagement withthe threaded boss 17, a pin 44 fixed at one end in one of a plurality ofscrew-threaded holes 45 (for adjusting purposes), and a wire 46,attached by means of a connecting piece 47 tothe pin 44. The wire 46passes through a flexible casing 48 to any desired point where it willbe readily accessible to the driver of the vehicle. 49 is a clampbracket for attaching the casing 48 to the side of the part 3 of thecasing 1 opposite the end of the pin 44. By moving the wire 46 in theone direction,

thereby without being rotated. This ensures the slot or slit 19 beingopened to a greater extent than it would be when normally operated withequal angular movement. In this way a richer mixture is obtained for thewire 46 in the opposite direction, by lowerinn the valve 20, will reducethe quantity of petrol to normal. 50 is a capfixed by pin 51 on theupper end of the stem of valve 20, above the clevis or clamp end .of thelever 33. This cap 50 has a milled edge to enable it to be used forsetting or adjusting the petrol supply valve 20.

52 is a Washer arranged between the flange 23 on the valve 20 and theinwardly directed flange 53 on the nut 43, which washer ensures thevalve 20 being lowered when the nut 43 is rotated in the requisitedirection.

What we claim as our invention and desire I 2. In a carburetor forinternal combustion engines, in combination, a'hollow cylindrical memberhaving a very narrow slit through which the liquid fuel passes beforebeing mixed with the air to form the explosive mix ture, and a rotarycylindrical valve constructed with a tapered flat face which forms arecess and an inclined edge to co-operate with the slit, and with apassage extending from one end of the valve to the recess formed at theback of the slit by the tapered flat face, the inclined edge directlyco-operating with the slit to vary the effective length thereof inorderto' control the quantity of liquid fuel which passes through theslit, as set forth.

3. In a carburetor forinternal combustion engines, in combinatiomahollow member having a narrow slit through which the fuel asses beforebeing mixed with the air to orm theexplosive mixture, a rotarycylindrical valve having a tapered portion which provides an inclinededge which directly cooperates with the slit to vary the efiectivelength of said slit in order to control the,

quantity of liquid-fuel which passes through the slit, and means forrotating the valve for normal operation, and means for raising andlowering the valve, as set forth.

7 4. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, in combination, ahollow member having a narrow slit through which the fuel passes beforebeing mixed with the air to form the explosive mixture, a rotarycylindricalvalve having atapered portion which provides aninclinededgewhich directly cooperates with the slit to vary the effective length ofsaid slit in orderto control the quantity of liquid fuel which passesthrough starting the engine or motor. Movement of the slit, means forrotating the valve for normal operation,and means for raising andlowering the valve including a threaded boss formed on the carburetorcasing, a nut engaging said boss and rotatably engaging the valve, andhand actuated means for rotating the nut, as set forth.

5. A carburetor. for internal combustion engines, including, incombination, a hollow member-in which is formed anarrow slot throughwhich' the liquid fuel passes before being mixed with the air to formthe explosivemixture, a rotary cylindrical valve constructed with atapered portion directly cooperating with the slot to control thequantity of liquid fuel which passes through the.

slot, a rotary sleeve'air admission valve, and a rotary sleeve valve forcontrolling the passage of the explosive mixture from the 'mixingchamber to the engine, and means for simultaneously operating all ofsaid valves, assetforth."

In testimony whereof. we havesigned our namesto this specification.

7 WILLIAM HASLAM MANNERS.

CECIL WHESTHEAD SPENCER.

